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Force(s)
Force(s)
Force: A push-pull strength that occurs either naturally or artifically. Unless the netforce is 0 (meaning that there is an unbalanced forced towards one direction) there will be a change in velocity, or it will be in equilibrium. Just like velocity, Force is also a vector quantity which means that it has both direction and magnitude
netforce: The total amount of force when added up
equilibrium: When the netforce acting on an object is equal to 0, it will be in equilibrium meaning that all forces acting on it should be balanced
Force is represented in Newtons (N)
Also, 1N = 1 Kg * m/s^2
Preview of Types of Forces:
4 Fundemental Forces of Nature
4 Fundemental Forces of Nature
Gravitational Force: A force that acts between objects due to their mass (e.g. when a box is dropped from a certain height, it will drop down due to its gravitational force of mass times gravity aka. mg)
Electromagnetic Force: A force that acts between objects due to their change (e.g. when attempting to put two magnets of the same poles together, the two magnets' electromagnetic force will repel one another—effectively making it impossible to put two magnets of the same poles together)
Strong Nuclear Force: A force that acts between subatomic particles within the nucleus of an atom to hold it together
Weak Nuclear Force: A force that is involved in radioactive decay
From the 4 fundemental forces of nature above, AP Physics 1 will only focus on Gravitational Force
Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton's First Law of Motion: An object's velocity will not change unless an unbalanced net force acts on it
Relate this to Newton's Third Law of Motion and you will realize that an object's velocity cannot change on its own
Newton's Second Law of Motion: When an object accelerates (meaning that the netforce acting on it isn't 0), its acceleration will be directly proportional to the net force acting on it and also inversely proportional to its mass (because Force = Mass * Acceleration)
Given the Newton's Second Law of Motion, when an object accelerates the direction of its acceleration will always be the same direction as its net force
Force also has both x and y components just like velocity (Think of a right triangle, it has 1 vertical base and 1 horizontal base)
Newton's Third Law of Motion: A force can be applied between two or more object, never one (In simpler terms, an object cannot exert a force on itself). In addition to this, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
If you try to push down on your table you will feel the force of the table pushing upwards, preventing you from being able to push the table into the ground, this is what the phrase "for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction" means
Free-Body Diagram
Free-Body Diagram
Free body diagrams are drawn for the sake of analyzing the forces that act on an object visually. It shows all the force acting externally on an object as vector arrows (Proportional to its magnitude)
Below is an example of a Free-Body Diagram:
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